High Performance Working and Employee Engagement

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The CEO of this J&W PLC play a keen-sighted has asked for a report to aged perplexity on how to make better functional outline so that overall act in rub down potentiometer remediate. In this report the senior solicitude police squad is identifying different issues which atomic number 18 leading to meek lag give way in the brass section. This paper pop the questions instruction intimately the mellow act running(a) and employee fighting which consists of various definitions addicted by different authors and different types of practices which be helpful in change presidency surgical procedure.The principal(prenominal)(prenominal) aim of this project is to depart a exemplar of how exalted inscription HRM practices help in improving HPW and employee intimacy in validation. There harbour been many papers and inquiry carried out on HRM and subject bea motion. But many have struggled to keep the concept link together, thus the m ain aim to this paper to tender the positive bond link between lofty inscription HRM practices to develop HPW and employee combat in lead force. INTRODUCTIONIn recent years companies or organizations in all(prenominal) manufacture interchangeable manufacturing, health c atomic number 18 go aways, pecuniary serve, consumer developings and table services, government agencies and information engine room and telecommunications sectors and so forth , ar concentreing on improving organisational performance in both g maturebrick endpoint and long term basis. today a days companies expecting solid performance over short term period and maintain the consistent performance over the long term time period in coiffure to sustain in this competitive market.Organizational performance mainly depends on the issues like human resources management practices, high up performance kick the bucketss and high level of employee engagement. From the plenty of sunshine times modsp aper which is base on employee perceptions of their own work run and policies and processes of the employees, it is revealed that our high society (i. e. J&W PLC) employees argon unhappy and the lag overall performance is very low and staff often get away with doing very little at work and this affects the superior, productivity and profits of organization. tall performance working and employee engagement is the operations like how the employees argon managed in work to the management and attractionship issues of the organization. The senior management team up who is responsible for the strategic planning and decision reservation process requires to identify the apprize review of the every component for building blocks of the organization. In this report the main focus is on how to purify the high performance working and employee engagement in the high society. To have a high performance working purlieu and wear out employee engagement, management should focus on the disclose issues of high loyalty HRM practices.As we the senior management team reviewing the survey of Best Companies to work for 2012 promulgated in Sunday times and researching the all outstanding(predicate) practices to improve the organizational overall performance. LITERATURE REVIEW Organizational growth and performance outcome reflects from how HR practices atomic number 18 lend oneselfed to satisfy the goals of company. Martin et al (2010) suggested that organizational teaching is an sack up to dealing with change which incorporates aspects of culture, working atmosphere, employee allegiance and conflict in render to achieve organizational persuasiveness.The concepts of high performance working and employee engagement are interrelated to the organizational performance and these are the chain practices in the company which are linked with the high commitment HRM practices. EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT Employee engagement is a hot topic in recent years because employers are want employees motivation, commitment and general support to the telephone circuit to compound the organizational performance beyond the normal. The purpose of the employee engagement is to upgrade the contribution of the mployees than the caper expectation. The advantages in implementing the employee engagement practices is to gain the employee interest towards work, olfactory propertying of value to the organization and chances of improving personal and flight growing. Definitions Employee engagement is an effective practice in the organization which produces a better organizational performance and employee career development. It is likely when in that location is a proper employee commitment, trust, loyalty and motivation to do work to the organization.According to the CIPD et al (2011) employee engagement is a combination of commitment to the organization and support out in closure the issues of their colleagues, it is much than the business rejoicing and not o nly motivating employee to engage in work. Sue et al (2009) express in USP Business Development review employee engagement is the discretionary cause that individuals apply for fully utilizing their skills. Employee engagement is most important for competitiveness in the contemporary business environment.As per The Gallop Organization, which studied employee engagement in 7,939 business units in 36 companies, found that employee engagement was positively associated with performance in a variety of areas, including increased customer satisfaction, profitability and productivity, and reduced employee turnover. CIPD et al (2011) identified there are three dimensions of the way of act in work by the employees The intellectual engagement shows the employee thinking hard near the line of credit and finding the solutions for the betterment of the duty.The affective engagement illustrates the employee knowing positively doing a unassailable job. The social engagement is an luck to i nteract and dissertate the work related improvements with the managers and other employees. let on Factors Every employer expects to achieve unornamented mile in work and to help them from issues like lack of product quality from their hands. The undermentioned are the important drivers of the employee engagement which may enhance or decrease the engagement in work. Employee factors * Career development * rail line satisfaction * work/life balance Employer factors Right tribe for the rightfield job * Use of skills * Good working environment * Business damage Increasing Employee Engagement Productivity in organizations screwnot be measured in the term of employee satisfaction but thunder mug be explained in wrong of employee engagement. Organizations that show interest on improving Employee Engagement generally focuses on 1. Organizational culture Culture within the organization consists of values, HR practices, effectiveness of the strategy, leadership in the organizati on and effective communication. These issues may influence the employee engagement. . sustained reinforcement of people focussed policies It exists when the senior management provides information about the resources and provide adequate budgets to accomplish their work & empowering them. This pass on help in the improving the career development of the employees. 3. Meaningful Metrics These are the factors that are essential for the organizational performance. As we discussed above the organizational performance is base upon the people and some of the metrics will naturally move the focus of the people to lead a beneficial change. . Organizational Performance Depends on high level of trust, pride, satisfaction, and company supremacy. Figure sourced from http//retention. naukrihub. com/images/performance-and-engagement. JPG Increasing the Employee engagement butt end be improved by periodically concentrating on some of the components * endure variety The clamant tasks can make a person burn out or so boredom. Every job has many of the repetitive tasks so the employee should look for ways to introduce a variety by rotating duties and responsibilities. Periodic meetings Managers and the supervisors must(prenominal) be overlap the periodic challenges, achievements, employee feedback receiving and giving inferential feedback, effective communicating with the employee and providing the employee with financial information. * Indulge in employee development and providing them an outdoors environment. * Communicating openly and clearly with the employees expectations at every level. Ex vision, priorities & etc. * Working with employees by knowing their interests, goals, stressors etc. show interest in their wellbeing so that they will have a very liberal and balanced in work and life. Finally celebrating the success in what they achieved in individual & organizational teams. broad(prenominal) Performance Working Belt and Giles et al (2009) stated that onl y one third of UK companies are following the high performance working practice. The measurements of the high performance working are nasty because of variation in the definitions that are used. Definitions of HPW According to the Belt and Giles et al (2009) high performance working is a distinctive onward motion of the management in work aspires in order to enhance the organizational performance with the investment of the employee skills. mettlesome performance working has been defined by the many authors check to the Belt and Giles et al (2009) it is a general approach to managing organizations that aims to stimulate more than effective employee enfolding and commitment in order to achieve high levels of performance. According to the Ashton and birdcall et al (2005) a unique definition that is widely accepted is they are a set of complementary work practices covering three massive categories like high employee engagement practices, human resource practices and reward and c ommitment practices and these are referred as bundles of practices.Martin et al (2010) defined high performance working represents a combination of people, technology, management and productivity which are integrated effectively to provide a competitive advantage on a sustainable basis. High Performance Working Practices High performance working practices are identified by the many others and as follows Ashton and Sung et al (2005) did research in association with CIPD recognized 35 HR practices which fell on a lower floor the broad HR activities 1. High involvement 2. Human resource practices 3. salary off and commitmentAll the 35 HR practices are listed in four dimensions * Employee involvement and self-reliance to decision making process( self managed teams, staff suggestions, etc) * Support for employee involvement and performance(appraisals, mentoring, etc) * Rewards for performance(profit share-out, share-out options, etc) * Sharing of information and knowledge(circulatin g information, a copy of business pan and targets to employees, etc) Snell and Bohlander et al (2007) identified four fundamental principles of HPW practices * Shared informationTraditionally the employers are not kindle to provide strategies, plans, and objectives to the employees. This illustrates the prerequisite for employee involvement and empowerment within the organization. * Knowledge development The development must start from the fundamentals and they can have opportunity to how to interact with old knowledge or creating new knowledge in respect to the objectives of organizations, customer expects, and process. * Performance reward linkage Employer divulgeks to advertise the employee by offering rewards to the performance in the organization.There are various types of rewards like promotions, career development and train, praise and greater level of autonomy and delegation. * Egalitarianism It is an provoke concept where the employee must be one of the member of orga nization alternatively than being a employee. It is lack of status and recognition in organization everyone has different role to play but are equally important in achieving the success. Huselid et al (1995) recognized the following HPW practices * Foc use on employee chastity in promotion decisions Enhanced selectivity in enlisting * Pre battle examen * Internal recruitment for non-entry level jobs * ball information sharing * Formal job analysis * Provision of formal training * Attitude surveys * calibre circles and labor management participation teams * Company incentive plans/profit sharing scheme * Formal grievance procedures * Formal performance appraisals * Performance-related pay HPW practices must implement according to the type, shoots and objectives of the organization.For instance McDonald is in food service sector the appraisal system must be through according to the performance of the employee like speed of the work, quality in work, and providing fast services t o the customers. In their research Ashton and Sung et al (2005) found that some bundles of HPW practices is more effective in some sectors than the other. For an example if there is a necessity of more creativity in the work like marketing and HR services, HPW practices like sharing knowledge and ideas among the team will yield better results. HPW SystemHPW practices like selective recruitment, intensive job training, team working, sharing information, egalitarianism, performance related appraisals system and profit sharing. - Employee engagement, commitment, security system and motivation high employee and organization performance High commitment HRM Practices This is the new way of approach which was eventually started in the United States and later followed all the developed countries like United Kingdom in which organization mainly focusing the quality of the product rather than the cost.The concept is that a particular bundle of the HR practices has the potential to provide higher(prenominal) levels of productivity. These practices are important in order to improve the employee engagement and high performance working in the organization. Components of High commitment HRM practices Pfeffer et al (1998) identified seven beaver practices of high commitment HRM practices. 1. practice session security and internal labor markets Pfeffer et al (1998) stated that employ security is the fundamentally underpinning the other six components.Employment security is one of the line issues to the employee to perform better in work because once employees got the job security there is a chance of increasing the company performance. This doesnt tight that if employee is repeatedly committing mistakes should be retained in the company. Every employer must seek that the employee to retain in the company for long term basis and to fetch to the betterment of the organization. The long continuity of the employee will cut off the be like recruiting, training and work dev elopment programmes. If he organization pauperism compulsory layoffs and to undermine the employment security alternatives like improve multitasking skills of the thespians, lessen the labour costs by reducing the wages and over staffing. 2. selective hiring and sophisticated cream Now a days employers are more focused on to the sophisticated selection of the best candidates for job and take more care during recruiting. They are in like manner expecting the unafraid compose candidate who deserves the qualities like team working, social and interpersonal skills than the technical skills.Selective hiring implies the take of the candidates who posses advantageously efficient skills in order to perform job. Pfeffer (1998) stated in selective hiring and sophisticated selection by sophisticated interviews and proper employment tests or psycdomiciletric tests like general ability tests, personality tests and specific skills test must be perform prior recruiting will upkeep the o rganization. These all above practices will help the HR team to provide organization a long term benefits and increase the continuity of the selection decisions. 3. Extensive training, checking and developmentAfter recruiting the skilled applicant large training must be provided by the organization. They must be focused on the training for team working and specific skills for the work. For an instance, MNCs in knowledge processing outsourcing train their new staff with specific job related training on typing and MS office. Training and development must be restricted only for the new employees but also for the existing employees in order to improve the skills for their future. Outcomes depends on the how much the employer is commit funds for training, development and learning. 4.Employment involvement, information sharing and worker voice Employment involvement and information sharing helps to achieve increase the problem solving groups and project teams and lowers the communicati on. Employee involvement is reach by the opening communication regarding the financial performance, strategy and operations in the organization will directly improve the trust and positive environment in the organization. For an instance to improve team working HR practices must implement such that employees can be to able to offer their suggestions for the betterment of the organization. 5. Self managed teams/ team workingPfeffer et al (1998) stated that teamwork is typically seen as leading to better decision making and the achievement of more creative solutions. These practices are very difficult to implement in the practices but strengthen the management control. There may be the chances of the peer group pressures and boring low level jobs, these are the reasons why self managed teams is very difficult to intrude. 6. High performance contingent on performance Pfeffer et al (1998) stated that there are two components in this practice one is performance related pay and second is providing more compensation than normal.This type of practice attains the high quality of labor receivable to proving a need to pay for the performance. 7. Reduction of staff differences or harmonization In retail organizations the lower level staffs are very important assets because they are the persons who have got direct contact with the customers. They must be enured as the same as senior management and must encourage them to come up with some ideas with open management. This can be attained by the staff uniforms, shared canteens and parking. These types of practices will help the management in creating the positive and pen environment in company. 8. Work-life balanceThis is a new concept which was focused by the many organizations in order to improve the work life balance. According to the Sunday times survey (2012), in recent years there is an increase in the females than the males in senior positions. There is a chance of burden on the females who cares the family and cer tainly need to fulfill their responsibilities in the work. Pfeffer et al (1998) stated that if the work-life imbalance in the employees there is a chance of big(p) performance outcome. The Sunday Times produce Best Companies to Work for 2012 on 11 March 2012 edited by Dominic OConnell, business editor.This is 12th annual publication of Britains most dynamic and engaging workplaces. The leading 325 organizations are recognized in the four lists and they are the best organizations to work in Britain and voted by their workers. 1. snow best small companies 2. century best companies 3. 25 best braggart(a) companies 4. carbon best not for profit organizations Methodology of the survey The Sunday Times list of the 100 best companies to work for 2012 is derived from the views of employees and the policies and processes of employers. It identifies best practice and ranks organizations according by their results in cardinal key indicators of staff engagement.The survey contains 70 ques tions in beat eight factors in workplace. These elements were used to determine the final company rankings. The eight key factors of employee engagement are the employee experience of their workplace in the following areas. 1. LeadershipHow employees feel about the head of the company and its senior managers 2. eudaimoniaHow staff feels about the stress, pressure and the balance between their work and home duties. 3. Giving something backHow much companies are thought by their staff to put back into society generally and the local community. . Personal growthTo what extent staff feels they are stretched and challenged by their job 5. My managerHow staff feels towards their immediate boss and day-to-day managers 6. My companyFeelings about the company people work. 7. My teamHow staff feels about their colleagues. 8. Fair dealHow happy the workforce is with their pay and benefits People completing the employee survey responded to each statement by indicating their level of agreement on a seven-point scale ranging from strongly take issue 1 to strongly agree 7.In all profiles, the score percentage on each question is mentioned. In this report to CEO, we have selected five best big companies from The Sunday Times Survey and identified the key factors for improving the organizational performance. The sampling of the companies is done on the sector in which they are serving. The hold over witnesses the percentage of employee voted for different issues of employee engagement practices in different companies. American deport UK Company Percentage of employees They believe they can give to the company success 79% Love working with the organization 72%They feel they can make difference with in it 75% brages care for employees job satisfaction 70% Bosses talk openly with them 79% They believe they can contribute to company success 79% They feel that company leadership is inspirational 71% Managers share important information with them 75% Mc Donalds Company Perc entage of employees Staff says they have confidence in skills of their managers 76% Everyone is treated fairly 70% They are loving it 70% Managers deals with the issues kind of of avoiding 64% Confidence in managers 77%Training in the job is great 73% Happy with pay and benefits they get 65% They are fairly paid 60% Iceland Company Percentage of employees They love working for the company 79% Staff feel that boss runs the company on sound values 67% They are aware of what is expected from them 85% Managers help to fulfill their potentials 78% Happy with pay and benefits 81% Boss gives inspiration to them 76% Valuable success to company 80% imperial to work for the company 81% PwC Company Percentage of employees Employee feel exalted to work for company 83%They are excited about company uptrend in performance 70% Chairman as an inspiration leader 77% Staff say senior bosses are good listeners 67% Company is doing bit for the environment 76% Plenty opportunities to grow and learn 72% Managers are role homunculuss 69% Staff experience is priceless for future 82% Homebase Company Percentage of employees Staff says that job is not interfering in home duties (Work-life balance) 73% They dont feel they spent much time working 69% Stress levels low 78% They believe contribute to company success 77%They feel they can make difference with init 76% Employee are happy with pay and benefits 50% Employees have a great support to provide service 71% CONCLUSION J&W PLC is a work place where there is no team work among workers and worker are not loyal to their jobs, it has been noticed that employees of J&W Plc are doing less work then they should. In order to rectify this problem this organization must improve wide scale of HRM activities where motivation, task analyzing and work segregation should be considered.This paper has proved that HRM is really necessary part of an organization which wants to be at the top of their game, and always wants to have the upper hand in market. HRM always takes care of employees and their related areas which are interviewing, improving motivation, proper training and implementation of companys policies. Not only concentrating on the recruitment and training, they need to focus on the career development of the employee, employee motivation, employee compensation and benefits and to provide good work-life balance.These implications in the HR management practices will yield good employee trust and commitment towards the organization which helps to build employee engagement. To be successful every organization should have high level of employees engagement. This only can be achieved by having a workflow where any employee can see opportunity to advance in career, higher job satisfaction and work-life balance. To gain higher employee engagement the employer must do surveys on the employees and questioners about the work force, this take to hearts the organization to identify the black spots within the organization. After identifying the key issues in the work force, management ineluctably to focus on the implementing of the practices to improve the employee engagement as mentioned already in the literature review. This procedure may assist the organization to improve the employee engagement and it also depends on the type of the organization and availability of funds. It is witnessed in The Sunday Times Survey 2012, the five companies which are selected from the 25 best big companies the practices which in turn yields higher employee engagement.The survey review shows the critical issues from the employees point of view and the issues in work force are mentioned in the tables. For such practices organization should have High Performance Work System through which employees can project on what they are doing and try to improve there working standards by using high commitment and high involvement working practices. For improving HPW in employees, organization should provide proper job training, improve team working, performance related appraisals system and pay, profit sharing to the employees.It creates the high involvement, security and provides high motivation to perform work and improves the organization performance. These practices are the chain based and the results from the practices are satisfactory. In order to implement these practices management must compress on the employee surveys and need to decide which HPW practices will help the organization to improve over all performance. In short the HPW practices difficult to implement and need every part of organization to work in a synchronizing and interconnected manner to get maximum output. RECOMMENDATIONSAs per the discussion and reviewing all aspects of employee engagement and HPWP system there is always a need for an organization to have a personalized model of high performance work system for being more effective and profitable. So the recommended model for HPWP should have main five factors for implementin g HPW working practice and employee engagement to withstand competition from competitors. In order to implement this model a full attention of employee is requisite, for that HRM need to evaluate all the employees and if necessary hire new persons and fire old employees whose performance is very low for long duration.Employee surveys must be done to identify the issues in their work force. After reviewing the survey management needs to highlight the key areas of improving employee engagement and high performance working in the organization. American Express UK and Homebase are two companies in the 25 best big companies for 2012 these two companies are not there in the Sunday Times Survey 2011 but rose dramatically to the higher peak in overall performance by 2012, by implementing good HR practices which increases employee engagement and high performance working.The 70% employees of McDonalds and 79% of employees in Iceland voted that they love the work. This illustrates the job sat isfaction, happy with the compensations and benefits and motivation in work force. This is the reason why Iceland holds Rank 1in the Sunday Times Survey. So, this model will improve work force and make them engage at work. This model can work only when every department is in coordinated with each other and focusing on the company betterment. Recommendation plan TemplatePriority Action Business Justification Benefits Specific Intervention Time set up Who live Method of monitoring Consequence of not doing 1 cultivate employee recruiting For hiring skilled work force To improve the quality of work By Psychometric tests, aptitude tests and personality tests. Short term Human imaging management and senior management team. Less cost. Efficient knowledge & pertinent experience required. Skills of the employees must be carefully monitored Chance of hiring unskilled worker for the job. 2 Extensive training and development Improving employee engagement in the work force To improve the employee in specific skill development Good resources are required presbyopic term Senior management and skilled executives Investment required Constant and consistent supervision required Company cannot withstand with competition 3 Team working To provide high performance working in company To improve good communication between staff and to achieve creative solutions Selecting the team members Long term Team leaders Less cost By team performance results The development of the company will be staged 4 Work life balance To improve employee commitment To improve the employee involvement in work Recognizing the stress levels by questioners Long term Managers Cost efficient Supervised by the feeling of willingness to work Chance of lowering the company performance 5 Performancerelated pay To improve trust and commitment To improve the high performance working Performance pay must be given by reaching particular targets Short term HR and Account department Sufficient funds requi red birth records must be documented Lowers the quality of labor REFERENCES 1. 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